Differences between Granite and Quartz

Granite vs. Quartz

Granite and quartz are common materials used for countertops in kitchens and bathrooms. Granite is a natural igneous rock quarried from the earth, while quartz countertops are an engineered stone product. Both materials are valued for their durability, but they possess distinct differences in composition, appearance, and maintenance requirements.

Comparison table

Category	Granite	Quartz
Composition	A natural igneous rock composed mainly of quartz, feldspar, and mica.	An engineered material made of ~90% crushed natural quartz bound with polymer resins and pigments.
Appearance	Each slab is unique with natural variations in color, veins, and patterns.	Uniform and consistent color and pattern throughout the slab.
Porosity	Porous; requires periodic sealing to prevent staining and bacteria absorption.	Non-porous due to resin binders; does not require sealing.
Heat Resistance	Highly resistant to heat; hot pots can often be placed directly on the surface.	Less resistant to heat; high temperatures can damage the resin and cause discoloration.
Stain Resistance	Susceptible to stains if not properly and regularly sealed.	Highly resistant to stains due to its non-porous surface.
Durability	Very hard and scratch-resistant, but can chip or crack upon heavy impact.	Extremely hard and durable; more flexible than granite, making it less likely to chip.
Maintenance	Requires periodic re-sealing, typically once a year, to maintain its protective barrier.	Low maintenance; can be cleaned with soap and water. No sealing is necessary.
Cost	Price varies widely based on rarity and origin, typically ranging from $80 to $150 per square foot, installed.	Prices are generally consistent, often between $50 to $200 per square foot, installed.

Venn diagram comparing Differences between Granite and Quartz

Composition and appearance

Granite is an intrusive igneous rock that forms from the slow cooling of magma. Its primary mineral components are feldspar, quartz, and micas, which create an interlocking crystalline structure. The specific mineralogy of a granite slab determines its color and pattern, which can range from white and gray to pink and black. Because it is a natural stone, every piece of granite is unique.

Quartz countertops are a manufactured product, sometimes called engineered stone. They consist of approximately 90-95% ground natural quartz crystals combined with 5-10% polymer resins, pigments, and sometimes bits of glass or metallic flecks. This mixture is molded into slabs and cured under high temperature and pressure. The manufacturing process allows for a consistent and uniform appearance in color and pattern, which is not possible with natural stone.

Durability and maintenance

Both granite and quartz are hard, durable surfaces suitable for kitchen use. Granite is naturally porous, meaning it has small voids that can absorb liquids, leading to stains or bacterial growth if not properly treated. To prevent this, granite countertops require the application of a sealant upon installation and periodic re-sealing.

In contrast, the resin binders in quartz countertops make the surface non-porous. This characteristic makes quartz highly resistant to staining without the need for any sealing. For general cleaning, soap and water are sufficient for both surfaces.

Regarding heat, granite has a higher resistance and can typically withstand a hot pot or pan placed directly on it. The resins in quartz countertops are less resistant to high heat and can be damaged or discolored by temperatures above approximately 300°F (150°C), making the use of trivets necessary. Both materials are highly resistant to scratching, although cutting directly on either surface is not recommended as it can dull knives.