Differences between Sauna and Steam Room
Contents
Sauna vs. Steam Room[edit]
Saunas and steam rooms are heated rooms used for relaxation and therapeutic purposes, but they differ fundamentally in the type of heat they provide.[1] Saunas utilize dry heat, whereas steam rooms are characterized by moist heat.[1] This primary distinction in humidity and temperature results in different physiological experiences and construction requirements.[2][3]
The tradition of using saunas originated in Finland over 2,000 years ago, where early versions were pits dug into the earth heated with hot stones.[4][5] The word "sauna" is Finnish in origin.[5] Steam bathing also has ancient roots, with practices found in Greek and Roman cultures. The Roman bathhouses, or thermae, and Turkish hammams are historical examples of communal steam bathing.
Comparison Table[edit]
| Category | Sauna | Steam Room |
|---|---|---|
| Heat Type | Dry Heat | Moist Heat |
| Temperature | 150–195°F (65–90°C) | 110–120°F (43–49°C) |
| Humidity | Low (5–30%) | High (100%) |
| Heat Source | Electric or wood-burning stove heating rocks | Steam generator boiling water |
| Construction | Wood (cedar, spruce) which absorbs moisture | Non-porous materials (tile, glass, plastic) |
| Physiological Sensation | Promotes profuse sweating that evaporates readily | Suppresses sweat evaporation, which can make the heat feel more intense |
Health[2][3] and Physiological Effects[edit]
Both saunas and steam rooms increase body temperature, which can improve circulation, relieve muscle soreness, and reduce stress.
The dry heat[1] of a sauna induces significant sweating. This process allows the body to cool itself through evaporation. The high temperatures can help relax muscles and may improve cardiovascular health. Some research suggests regular sauna use is associated with a lower risk of respiratory infections.
Steam rooms operate at lower temperatures but with 100% humidity. This moist environment prevents sweat from evaporating, which can make the perceived temperature feel as intense as a sauna. The moist air[2] is beneficial for respiratory health, helping to open airways and loosen congestion. The high humidity also hydrates the skin and can help open pores. Moist heat may be more effective than dry heat for relieving delayed onset muscle soreness.
Construction and Maintenance[edit]
The materials used for construction differ significantly due to the humidity levels. Saunas are typically built with wood, such as cedar or spruce, which can absorb humidity and remain comfortable to the touch at high temperatures. Steam rooms require non-porous surfaces like tile, glass, or acrylic that can withstand constant moisture and prevent the growth of mold. Installation of a steam room is often more complex, requiring a water supply, drainage, and complete waterproofing.
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "verywellhealth.com". Retrieved January 10, 2026.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "saunasupplyco.com". Retrieved January 10, 2026.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "goodhousekeeping.com". Retrieved January 10, 2026.
- ↑ "finnishsaunabuilders.com". Retrieved January 10, 2026.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "finlandiasauna.com". Retrieved January 10, 2026.
